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Category: Copyright

Third edition of USA copyright office compendium – compilations and collective works

Compilations

The Copyright Act defines a “compilation” as “a work formed by the collection and assembling of preexisting materials or of data that are selected, coordinated, or arranged in such a way that the resulting work as a whole constitutes an original work of authorship.”

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Reasons for Vitorino’s recommendations on private copying and reprography levies: establishment of the level of tariffs

It can take several years to decide whether a given category of devices should be subject to a levy, and if so, what its level should be. Furthermore, the payment may reach rightholders only a long time after a given product is put on the market and the ‘harm’ has occurred.

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RuTracker’s users can participate personally in its expansion

RuTracker has proposed its users to help web-resource to protect from Roskomnadzor and other Russian watchdogs and any restriction of access. Thanks to amendments to Russian law, it is possible to restrict access even to mirror of web-site, which was blocked in Russia, and sometimes even VPN is powerless to circumvent blocking. RuTracker’s idea is something similar to P2P principle – multiple domains would provide multiple accesses to main web-site.

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SWD IA on EU copyright modernisation – impacts of second option for digital retransmission

Mandatory collective management of rights to retransmission of TV / radio broadcasts by means of any retransmission services, irrespective of the retransmission technology or network used, as long as they are provided to a defined number of users (subscribers, registered users)

Option 2 would enhance the level of legal certainty for the benefit of a wide range of retransmission services – IPTV, OTT, satellite, DTT, mobile – and can be expected to both (i) contribute to a greater variety of such services and (ii) provide an incentive to the retransmission service providers to expand the range of TV / radio channels offered to their subscribers.

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Reasons for Vitorino’s recommendations on private copying and reprography levies: double payments in cross-border sales and the liability to pay levies

Levies should only be collected once in cross-border transactions, namely in the country of destination. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. Far too often, there are instances of double payments. Most Member States try to mitigate the problem by providing for systems that allow entities that have already paid the levy for a certain product in e.g. Member State A to be reimbursed upon the exportation of that product into Member State B.

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